Pump cylinder



y 1, 1930. F. D. STANLEY 1,768,799

PUMP CYLINDER Filed July 5, 1928 INVENTOR EFED 2 JT/I/YLE) BY ATI'ORNEY Patented July 1, 1930 UNITED STATES PATENT FRED D. STANLEY, OF GOFFEYVILLE, KANSAS, ASSIGNOR TO FAIRBANKS, MORSE & 00., OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF ILLINOIS PUMP CYLINDER Application filed July 5, 1928. Serial No. 290,440.,

This invention relates to pump cylinders, and especially'to an improved provision for replacing the cylinders of pumps provided with removable cylinder heads.

' An object of this invention is to provide a pump construction which permits of the ready renewal or substitution of the wearing portion of a pump cylinder.

A further object is an improved pump construction enabling a ready alteration of the pump displacement or capacity, by replacement of smaller or larger pistons and cylinders, whereby better to adapt the pump for a greater variety or range of uses.

A still further object is the provision of means at least partly external to the pump cylinder, for adjustably positioning a replaceable cylinder element in the pump body or frame.

In connection with the embodiment of this invention as hereinafter described, a further object is the provision of improved means for positioning a replaceable cylinder member, by an element extending through the cylinder head, and capping such an element, so as to prevent any tendency to fluid leakage, along the element, to the outside of the cylinder head.

Further objects and advantages of the invention will appear from the following detailed description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which Fig. 1 shows a pump cylinder embodying my invention, the showing being a sectional elevation on a plane through the cylinder axis; Fig. 2 is an end elevation of the construction in Fig. 1, showing the cylinder head; Fig. 3 is a sectional elevation of a cylinder or liner with a piston of corresponding size, adapted for use in place of the cylinder and piston shown in Fig. 1, in case it may be desired to vary the piston displacement or capacity of the pump.

It will, of course, be understood that'the present drawings and description relate to a single preferred executional embodiment of the invention, which is submitted in compliance with the statutory requirements relating to applications for Letters Patent; the particular example described is, however, susceptible of substantial variation in the construction and arrangement of its parts, hence I do not limit my invention to the precise form or construction Of arts shown, inasmuch as various alterations may bemade without changing the scope of this invention, as defined by the claimshereinafter set forth. 7

Referring by reference characters to the drawings, the pump frame is indicated at 4.; the reference numeral denoting particularly the cylinder shell, or enclosing portion.

Vithin the pump frame is disposed a cylinder 5, shown in the present instance as a replaceable liner constructed to fit snugly inside of the frame or cylinder shell 4, and constituting the wearing portion of the cylinder, and which with the piston 6, determines the displacement volume of the pump cylinder. The piston 6 is of conventional construction, here shown and described as being of the packed type, connected operatively with a'piston rod 7 and comprising a plurality of packing rings 8. It will be understood that the piston may be of any suitable type, and'may be formed of iron, brass, fiber or any suitable material, depending upon the purpose for which the pump is intended.

Between the cylinder or liner 5, and the cylinder shell or frame 4, I prefer to provide a packing 9, which may be of any suitable type, and which, in the present instance consists of a single ring of packing disposed between corresponding squared shoulders on the cylinder shell 4, and on the cylinder or liner 5. The closure of the cylinder is completed by a cylinder head 10 which is secured by a suitable number of studs or bolts 11, the studs 11 in the present instance being threaded into corresponding tapped seats, (not shown), in the pump frame. Between the cylinder head 10 and the pump frame or cylinder shell I prefer to dispose a head asket 12, in order to insure a fluid tight oint at this location.

The replaceable cylinder or liner 5 is positioned against endwise movement by the packing 9, bearing against a shoulder in the pump frame 4. Movement in the op posite direction is prevented by the use of an suitable number of binder bolts 13. W en two such bolts are used, they may be arranged as shown, to bear against the cylinder 5 at diametrically opposite points. The binder bolts in the present example are of a length suflicient to extend through the cylinder head, and by further reference are in threaded relation therewit These binder bolts consist of relatively long studs, or set screws, and each of the bolts is provided with an enlarged section 14, forming a square or hex head to receive a wrench. As shown, the outermost portion of each of the binder bolts is threaded at 15, to receive an internally threaded, imperforate cap nut 16. The cap nut serves to seal the outer ends of bolts 13, and ma serve as setor jamnuts for the binder olts. Each of the cap nuts is b preference of such a length as to allow or a latitude of endwise adjustment of the binder bolts, to permit of some compression of the packing 9, and still permit the cap nuts 16 to seat rmly against the cylinder head 10. At these points, I prefor to provide a gasket 17 between each of the cap nuts and the cylinder head, since there may be some tendency for fluid to appear outside the head as a result of l'eaka e around the threads of the binder bolts. The described cap nuts prevent any leaka e appearing on the head of the pump, 11 lieu of the gaskets 17, the lower surfaces of the ca nuts, and corresponding seats on the cy inder head, may be machined to form fluid ti ht joints.

In ig. 3, there is shown at 18 a substitute cylinder or liner member, the greatest outside diameters of which correspond to those of the element 5 shown in Fig. 1. The internal diameter is, however, substan tially less, and the piston 19 is of corresponding smaller diameter. From the drawings it will be readily apparent that the elements 18 and 19 of Fig. 3 are capable of ready substitution for the cylinder and piston 5 and 6 respectively, shown in Fig. 1. This arrangement affords the obvious advantage of permitting an increase or decrease in the size of pistons in the pump, by merel interchanging pistons and removable cvlin ers, thus making it possible to adapt the pump to a wide range of various service demands. Such an alteration in the pumppiston displacement requires no changes other than in the piston and cylinder elements proper; the piston rod 7 and other parts of the pump, remaining the same.

The resent showing and description does not inc ude the pump actuating mechanism, the valve arrangement, and the particular arrangement of suction and discharge channels, since these features form no part of the present invention. A suitable suction and discharge opening into the pump cylinder, is shown at 20 (see Fig. 1), to which suitable fluid connections may be made as desired.

The operation of the pump in question is functionally similar to pumps now known in the art, and is thought to require no detailed description.

The order of assembly of the elements above described, is likewise thought to be apparent to those skilled in the art. The removable and replaceable cylinder element 5 is first provided with a suitable gasket such as 9. After removal of the cylinder head, the cylinder or liner element, with its asket, is fitted snugly within the pump rame or cylinder shell, as shown, and the piston fitted to the cylinder in the usual man ner. The cylinder head, with bolts 11 and cap nuts 16 removed, but with the binder bolts 13, partially threaded in place, is then fitted to the cylinder. After attaching the head b means of studs or bolts 11, the binder bolts are threaded up so as partially to compress the packing 9, and complete the assembly. The setting of the binder bolts is maintained, and leaka e around them is prevented, by means of the cap nuts 13, which may or may not be provided with the gaskets 17 as described.

The above description has, for convenience and brevity, been restricted to the features of construction as applied to a pump having a single cylinder. It is contemplated that the construction described will be of particular value on duplex and triplex pumps, hence it may be noted that the practical application of the device is not intended to be restricted to a single cylinder pump.

It will be seen that the construction described, afi'ords a convenient and inexpensive means of providing for the ready replacement of cylinders and pistons. Further, the described features may be utilized to advantage in pumps handling corrosive or partly corrosive liquids, or liquids carr no ing certain small amounts of abrasive solic s, such as sand, since it permits an inexpensive replacement of the major wearing elements of the pump. In addition to these advantages, the construction greatly facilitates an adaptation of a given pump to a great variety of service requirements.

I claim as my invention:

1. In a pump, a cylinder casing, a liner removably disposed therein and constituting a pump cylinder, packing material between portions of said liner and easing, a threaded compression member, detachably dis )oscd between said liner and a wall of said casing, and having a portion extending outside of said wall; said member being adapted adjustably to compress said packing and position said liner, and a threaded enclosing and sealing member engaging the exterior portion of said compression member.

2. In a pump, a casing, a liner removably V j i positioned in said casing, and formmg pump cylinder, a removable head element, a

threaded holding element for the liner, asso ciated with the head and adapted to permit the ready introduction and removal of'said liner, upon removing said head element, and

V a hollow' sealing and locking nut,--carriedby I the holding element, outside of the headelement.

to permit of readily 'alteringcthe displacement of said pump, detachable holding screws for the liners, extending'through a head portion to the exterior of the casing,

' there being heads on said screws for adjustment thereof, and hollow sealing nuts in threaded engagement with said holding screws, and adapted to receive and cover the V a heads and external portions of said holding screws.

4. In a pump, a casing, a liner removably positioned in said casing and forming a pump cylinder, a removable head on saidcasing, a detachable binder 'bolt extending between the liner and the head, and having a bolt r head external to the head of the casing for adjustably positioning said liner by means of the binder bolt, and a cap-nut having a hollow portion for enclosing, sealing and locking the external portion of the binder bolt.

5. A pump assembly including a cylinder casing having an internal, squared shoulder therein, a linerhaving a corresponding, external shoulder, and a peripheral flange at one end, a ring of compressible packing carriecl by the liner and disposed between said shoulders; a head detachably secured to the I justed position, and to seal the binder bolts casin and servin as a c linder head a air of binder bolts, detachably abutting the flange on said liner at diametrically opposite f points, and extending threadedly through the cylinder head, there being spaced threaded portions on each of-the binder bolts, and a bolt-actuating head between the threaded portions of each'of said bolts; hollow, fluid tight cap nuts engaging the outer threaded portions of the binder bolts, and gaskets between the cap nuts and cylinder head; the nuts and gaskets. cooperating to lock in adagainst the escape of fluid adjacent their threaded portions. v I

FRED D. STANLEY. 

